The Magnificent 7 stocks — NVIDIA, Microsoft, Alphabet (Google), Apple, Meta, Tesla and Amazon — now make up around 35% of the value of the US stock market, and NVIDIA’s market value makes up about 19% of the Magnificent 7. The S&P 500 has never been more concentrated in a single stock than it is today, with Nvidia representing close to 8% of the index.
This is a hugely top heavy stock market, now at record levels, driven by just seven stocks and in particular, Nvidia, the company that is making all the processors needed by AI companies to develop their models. If Nvidia’s revenue growth should weaken, that will put huge downward pressure on this highly overvalued stock market. As Torsten Slok, chief economist at one of the largest investment institutions, put it: “The difference between the IT bubble in the 1990s and the AI bubble today is that the top 10 companies in the S&P 500 today are more overvalued than they were in the 1990s.” ...........
................... So huge investment of money and resources, astronomic payments to AI trainers, and massive data centers being constructed – with the AI hype driving the stock market to ever new heights – but so far, with no significant revenues raised and virtually no profits. This is a repeat of the dot.com bubble on steroids. ............
.................... There are so many wild and noteworthy things about this milestone that it’s hard to know when to start.
First, let’s take a second to note the sheer insanity of these numbers. The first company to hit a $1 trillion valuation in the modern era was Apple, in 2018. Now, just seven years later, there are nine $1 trillion+ tech companies, and Google, Amazon, and Meta are soaring past $2 trillion, and now Apple is well past $3 trillion. Much of this expansion of value has occurred in just the last two years, on the back of the AI boom. Nvidia tripled its valuation, becoming the first-ever $4 trillion company in the process, in less than one year.
Second, note the source of Microsoft’s new investor enthusiasm: Like Nvidia, MS seems to be primarily benefitting from the AI boom by selling shovels during the gold rush. While Nvidia cornered the market on chips needed to run AI’s resource-intensive computation, Microsoft is winning by selling cloud compute in bulk.
................... I’ll just repeat that. Over the last six months, capital expenditures on AI—counting just information processing equipment and software, by the way—added more to the growth of the US economy than all consumer spending combined. You can just pull any of those quotes out—spending on IT for AI is so big it might be making up for economic losses from the tariffs, serving as a private sector stimulus program.
To me, this is just screaming bubble. I’m sure I’m not alone. In fact I know I’m not alone. I’m thinking especially of
Ed Zitron’s impassioned and thorough guide to the AI bubble; a rundown of how much money is being poured into and spent on AI vs how much money these products are making, and surprise, the situation as it stands is not sustainable. Worrying signs abound, and not least that so far, the companies benefitting most from AI are those selling the tools to simply build more of it (Nvidia, Microsoft), or who have monopolies through which they can force AI tools onto users en masse with limited repercussions (Google, Meta). ................
.................... Nevertheless, I am alarmed, and while I have said some of these things separately, based on recent developments, I think it's necessary to say why.
In short, I believe the AI bubble is deeply unstable, built on vibes and blind faith, and when I say "the AI bubble," I mean the entirety of the AI trade.
And it's alarmingly simple, too.
But this isn’t going to be saccharine, or whiny, or simply worrisome. I think at this point it’s become a little ridiculous to not see that we’re in a bubble. We’re in a god damn bubble, it is so obvious we’re in a bubble, it’s been so obvious we’re in a bubble, a bubble that seems strong but is actually very weak, with a central point of failure.
I may not be a contrarian, but I am a hater. I hate the waste, the loss, the destruction, the theft, the damage to our planet and the sheer excitement that some executives and writers have that workers may be replaced by AI — and the bald-faced fucking lie that it’s happening, and that generative AI is capable of doing so.
And so I present to you — the Hater’s Guide to the AI bubble, a comprehensive rundown of arguments I have against the current AI boom’s existence. Send it to your friends, your loved ones, or print it out and eat it. ...............................................................................
With the GENIUS Act signed into law now we get to see if stablecoins can actually walk the walk, not just talk the talk. The story the stablecoin industry has told is one of payments innovation, particularly for international payments, with stablecoins poised to displace the expensive and ungainly wire transfer system. Is this right? ............
.............. I’m skeptical that there’s going to be much uptake, at least from larger businesses in developed countries. Here’s why. I talk with corporate treasury types from time to time. These are the folks who have to be convinced to use stablecoins if they are going to be anything other than a niche payment market for personal remittances and capital control evasion. From the perspective of many corporate treasury professionals, there’s little to commend the use of stablecoins. Sure, wire transfers are problematic, but stablecoins bring with them a host of other operational problems. ...............
… by blowing up and looting DeFi to enrich TradFi
.......................... Bear that phrase in mind: “a crypto treasury company” as I walk you through the process whereby libertarian, de-regulated crypto has met its nemesis: rampant, and corrupt financialised capitalism. In short, Wall Street and the White House.
It all began with Stablecoins
…. like Tether and USD Coin, which like so much about crypto, are not coins. Instead they are the digital currency used in a discredited Hayekian and unregulated system known as ’narrow banking’ or full reserve banking. As Gary B Gorton and Jeffery Y. Zhang argue in an excellent paper Taming Wildcat Stablecoins Stablecoins have no intrinsic value. Instead, like the unregulated banks of old, they are currency used by platforms to facilitate exchanges and like banks manage transactions between different cryptocurrency buyers and sellers and between crypto buyers and sellers of US dollars. (There are now more than 15 million different cryptocurrencies, according to price-tracking website CoinMarketCap). To facilitate those transactions Stablecoin platforms issue a form of ‘fiat currency’ (the Stablecoin) which is new, private money creation.
Owners of Stablecoins can “pledge them in decentralised finance (DeFi) platforms that (allegedly) provide interest rates that far exceed the yield that retail investors can obtain” via TradFi (Traditional Finance) - like a bank savings account” write Gorton and Zhang.
Are Stablecoins stable?
Their claim to be stable, and therefore reliable for those wishing to exchange their cryptocurrency for another cryptocurrency or for US dollars, is based on the assertion that Stablecoin’s value does not deviate from the assets they hold; assets that back up the currency. Those assets (or collateral) are mainly short-term US Treasuries, or US government debt.
Back in the 1830s in the United States, unregulated ‘narrow’ banks issued bank notes and arranged transactions in much the same way as Stablecoin platforms do today. In exercising the power to create new money, they would claim falsely, that all the banknotes issued were fully backed by gold stacked in their vaults, or in the vaults of partner banks.The implication was that the notes could be exchanged for gold. ...........................
...................... The dream of the techno enthusiasts that cryptocurrencies would replace state-issued currencies like the dollar or the euro and so free individuals from the ‘heavy hand of state regulation’ in a new free world of money has never materialised. Instead, what has happened is that the mega financial institutions have taken over control of these currencies and are turning them into what they hope will be a highly profitable set of financial assets to suck in investors. .................................
PE Fare:
A huge accident just waiting to happen